Critical Care Evidence Updates – April 2025

Randomised Controlled Trials

A randomised, controlled, feasibility trial comparing vasopressors infused via peripheral cannula versus central venous access for critically ill adults: The VIPCA trial  Critical Care and Resuscitation

A randomized controlled trial of catheters with different tips and lengths for patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy in intensive care unit  Critical Care

A randomized trial of open lung protective ventilation compared to conventional mechanical ventilation in deceased organ donors  The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Thoracentesis in Acute Heart Failure  Circulation

Adjuvant nefopam versus standard of care in mechanically ventilated surgical critically ill patients: a randomized, double-blind controlled study  Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine

Alteplase for Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke at 4.5 to 24 Hours  NEJM

Effect of Early Administration of Inhaled Heparin on Outcomes of Smoke Inhalation Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial  Burns

Effect of esketamine on postoperative delirium and inflammatory response in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: A randomized controlled study  Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia

Effect of hydrocortisone on mortality in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia – The REMAP-CAP Corticosteroid Domain Randomized Clinical Trial  Intensive Care Medicine

Effects of rapid chest compression technique on intracranial and cerebral perfusion pressures in acute neurocritical patients: a randomized controlled trial  Critical Care

Efficacy and safety of different methods and doses for thirst management in orotracheally intubated and mechanically ventilated patients with ‘nothing by mouth’: A randomized, controlled three-arm trial  Intensive and Critical Care Nursing

Efficacy of adjuvant use of midodrine in patients with septic shock: An open label randomized controlled trial  Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy

Fospropofol disodium versus Propofol for deep sedation in critically ill patients: a randomized pilot study  BMC Anesthesiology

Impact of Point-of-care allogeneic red blood cell washing on markers of transfusion-related respiratory complications: A phase II randomized clinical trial  Anesthesiology

Improving Empiric Antibiotic Selection for Patients Hospitalized With Abdominal Infection

The INSPIRE 4 Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial  JAMA Surgery

Low versus high positive end expiratory pressure in noninvasive ventilation for hypoxemic respiratory failure: a multicenter randomized controlled trial  Intensive Care Medicine

Prehospital application of remote ischaemic perconditioning in acute ischaemic stroke patients in Catalonia: the REMOTE-CAT clinical trial  eClinicalMedicine

Perioperative Nitric Oxide Conditioning Reduces Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Surgery Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (the DEFENDER-trial): a Randomized Controlled Trial  Anesthesiology

Real-time surveillance system for patient deterioration: a pragmatic cluster-randomized controlled trial  Nature Medicine

Real-time ultrasound-guided laryngeal mask assisted percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy versus bronchoscopy-guided percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy in critically ill patients: a randomized controlled trial  BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Safety and Efficacy of a Novel Automated Intelligent Suction Device (VapCare) Among Mechanically Ventilated Neurocritical Care Patients: A Prospective Randomized Trial  Neurocritical Care

Stewart’s theory and acid–base changes induced by crystalloid infusion in humans: a randomized physiological trial  Annals of Intensive Care

Treatment effect of intravenous high-dose selenium in sepsis phenotypes: a retrospective analysis of a large multicenter randomized controlled trial  Journal of Intensive Care

NICE

Molnupiravir for treating COVID-19 TA1056

Other Guidance/Reports

Defining and subphenotyping ARDS: insights from an international Delphi expert panel  The Lancet Respiratory Medicine

Environmental sustainability in intensive care: An international survey of intensive care professionals‘views, practices and proposals to the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine  Journal of Critical Care

ESTES recommendations for the treatment of polytrauma—a European consensus based on the German S3 guidelines for the treatment of patients with severe/multiple injuries  European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery

Evolution of Critical Care Cardiology: An Update on Structure, Care Delivery, Training, and Research Paradigms: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association  Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Goal-directed transfusion algorithm for trauma patients with severe hemorrhage using TEG 6S: Results of a Delphi consensus survey and expert panel recommendations  Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery

How to Do Echo for Noninvasive Hemodynamic Evaluation of the Patient in the Intensive Care Unit: A Consensus Statement of the Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging  Journal of Cardiovascular Echography

How to Do Echo in Left Ventricular Assist Device Candidates: A Consensus Statement of the Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging  Journal of Cardiovascular Echography

Planning intensive care unit admission after elective major abdominal surgery: good clinical practice document by SIAARTI-SIC-ANIARTI  Journal of Anesthesia, Analgesia and Critical Care

Updated classification of epileptic seizures: Position paper of the International League Against Epilepsy  Epilepsia

Cochrane

Blood transfusion strategies for major bleeding in trauma

Endovascular thrombectomy with versus without intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke

Primary Research

A pilot feasibility study of continuous cardiac output and blood pressure monitoring during intermittent hemodialysis in patients recovering from severe acute kidney injury  Journal of Critical Care

A Study on the Diagnostic Accuracy of Tidal Volume-Diaphragmatic Contraction Velocity: A Novel Index for Weaning Outcome Prediction  Critical Care Medicine

Alcohol related hepatitis in intensive care units: clinical and biological spectrum and mortality risk factors: a multicenter retrospective study  Annals of Intensive Care

Analgosedation practice during noninvasive respiratory supports: Results from an Italian survey  Journal of Critical Care

Association between alactic base excess on mortality in sepsis patients: a retrospective observational study  Journal of Intensive Care

Association of Admission Times on Mortality in Adult Patients with Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Association of age with extubation failure in neurocritical intensive care unit patients––Insight from an international prospective study named ENIO  Journal of Critical Care

Automatic continuous P_0.1 measurements during weaning from mechanical ventilation: a clinical study  Annals of Intensive Care

BRAIN-SIM: Leveraging Simulation for Neurocritical Care Education with an Innovative Multidisciplinary Approach  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Comparison of hydrocortisone 100 mg bolus plus 200 mg/day infusion vs. infusion alone in refractory septic shock  Journal of Intensive Medicine

Development and External Validation of a Detection Model to Retrospectively Identify Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome  Critical Care Medicine

Development and validation of a prediction model for the risk of citrate accumulation in critically ill patients with citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy: a retrospective cohort study based on MIMIC-IV database  BMC Nephrology

Diagnostic Precision: Exchanging Urinary Catheters Before Urine Specimen Collection to Reduce Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection  Critical Care Nurse

Diarrhea in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: A Nested Multicenter Substudy  Critical Care Medicine

Does Levosimendan hasten veno-arterial ECMO weaning? A propensity score matching analysis  Annals of Intensive Care

Early prediction of shock in intensive care unit patients by machine learning using discrete electronic health record data  Journal of Critical Care

Early Pupil Abnormality Frequency Predicts Poor Outcomes and Enhances International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in Traumatic Brain Injury (IMPACT) Model Prognostication in Traumatic Brain Injury  Critical Care Explorations

Effects of humanistic care digital storytelling programme on the humanistic qualities of intensive care unit nursing students: A mixed-methods study  Nurse Education in Practice

Effects of IV Fluid Restriction According to Standard Fluid Treatment Intensity Across Conservative Versus Liberal Approach to Fluid Therapy of Septic Shock in Intensive Care (CLASSIC) Trial Sites  Critical Care Medicine

Elevated antibiotic resistance gene abundance of ICU healthcare workers, a multicentre, cross-sectional study  Critical Care

Epidemiology and prediction of non-targeted bacteria by the filmarray pneumonia plus panel in culture-positive ventilator-associated pneumonia: a retrospective multicentre analysis  Annals of Intensive Care

Exploring METRNL as a novel biomarker in sepsis: diagnostic potential and secretion mechanism  Journal of Intensive Care

Fluid balance and outcome in cardiac arrest patients admitted to intensive care unit  Critical Care

Frailty and Long-Term Survival in Patients With Critical Illness After Nonhome Discharge: A Retrospective Cohort Study  Critical Care Medicine

Health-related quality of life correlates with patient-reported and proxy-reported disability in critical illness survivors: a secondary analysis of the ERIC trial  Critical Care

Hemodynamic effects of adjunct arginine vasopressin to norepinephrine in septic shock: insights from a prospective multicenter registry study  Annals of Intensive Care

Hyperlactatemia in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury treated with renal replacement therapy in the intensive care unit  BMC Nephrology

Impact of a Sleep-Promoting Schedule on Sleep Quality in the Intensive Care Unit  Critical Care Nurse

Impact of aminoglycosides on survival rate and renal outcomes in patients with urosepsis: a multicenter retrospective study  Annals of Intensive Care

Impact of early versus conventional kidney replacement therapy initiation in tumor lysis syndrome: a target trial emulation  Annals of Intensive Care

Incidence and Associated Risk Factors for Falls in Adults Following Critical Illness: An Observational Study  Critical Care Medicine

In-hospital Mortality is Lower in Brain-Injured Patients After Admission to a Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit: A Multi-Center Cohort Study  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Intracranial response to positive end-expiratory pressure is influenced by lung recruitability and gas distribution during mechanical ventilation in acute brain injury patients: a proof-of-concept physiological study  Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Intrathecal Dexamethasone as a FIRES Extinguisher: A 12-Patient Clinical Experience with Usage of Intrathecal Dexamethasone for Febrile Infection-Related Epilepsy Syndrome  Neurocritical Care

Intravascular vs. surface cooling in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients receiving hypothermia after hospital arrival: a post hoc analysis of the TTM2 trial  Intensive Care Medicine

Multicenter Development and Prospective Validation of eCARTv5: A Gradient-Boosted Machine-Learning Early Warning Score  Critical Care Explorations

Multimodal assessment of favorable neurological outcome using NSE levels and kinetics, EEG and SSEP in comatose patients after cardiac arrest  Critical Care

Nitric oxide biomarkers and circulatory failure in critical illness: A cohort study  Journal of Critical Care

Nociceptive and non-nociceptive pain in critical care patients after cardiac surgery  Journal of Perioperative Practice

Outcomes and cost-effectiveness of intermediate care units for patients discharged from the intensive care unit: a nationwide retrospective observational study  Critical Care

Pawsitive Care: Canine-Assisted Intervention for Anxiety in ICU Patients and Family Members: A Single-Center, Single-Arm Study  Critical Care Explorations

Performance of the Nociception Level Index and the PainSensor to predict and detect responsiveness to nociceptive procedures in critical care patients  Journal of Critical Care

Plasma endostatin at intensive care admission is independently associated with acute kidney injury, dialysis, and mortality in COVID-19  Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Prediction of Mortality After Convulsive Status Epilepticus: The Status Epilepticus M³A²S²H Score  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Procalcitonin levels in septic and nonseptic subjects with AKI and ESKD prior to and during continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT)  Critical Care

Prognosis of liver abscess in the intensive care unit (POLAIR), a multicentre observational study  Critical Care

Real-World Outcomes of Hemoadsorption with CytoSorb® in Patients with Septic Shock: Insights from a Single-Center Study  Journal of Intensive Care Medicine

Renal replacement therapy modalities and techniques in intensive care units: An international survey  Journal of Critical Care

Rib Fractures after Chest Compressions for Cardiac Arrest: Retrospective Analysis of the AfterROSC1 and AfterROSC2 Multicenter Databases  Resuscitation Plus

Tele–Intensive Care Unit Collaboration to Decrease Pressure Injuries: A Quality Improvement Project  Critical Care Nurse

The Association Between Dysglycemia and Endotheliopathy in ICU Patients With and Without Diabetes: A Cohort Study  Critical Care Explorations

The prognostic role of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion in critically ill patients with septic shock  Journal of Anesthesia, Analgesia and Critical Care

Treatment of and outcomes from hypotension in the post-anaesthesia care unit: A single-centre retrospective cohort study  Anaesthesia and Intensive Care

United Kingdom Intensive Care Medicine Trainees’ Confidence, Training, and Practice in Pleural Procedures: A Nationwide Survey  Journal of the Intensive Care Society

Visual coronary artery calcification score to predict significant coronary artery stenosis in patients presenting with cardiac arrest without ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction  Annals of Intensive Care

Visual-Guided Transillumination Method for Accurate Percutaneous Tracheal Tube Placement  Critical Care Explorations

 

Metadata

Summary author: Rebecca Howes @ClinicalLibsPHU
Summary date:
Picture by: Ehimetalor Akhere Unuabona on Unsplash